South Dakotais a state located in theMidwestern regionof theUnited States. It is named after theLakotaand DakotaSiouxNative Americantribes, who comprise a significant portion of the population and historically dominated the entire territory. Once the southern portion of theDakota Territory, South Dakota became a state on November 2, 1889, simultaneously withNorth Dakota.Pierreis the state capital andSioux Falls, with a population of about 165,000, is South Dakota's largest city.
The state is bisected by theMissouri River, dividing South Dakota into two geographically and socially distinct halves, known to residents as "East River" and "West River".Eastern South Dakota is home to most of the state's population, and fertile soil in this area is used to grow a variety of crops. West of the Missouri,ranchingis the predominant agricultural activity, and the economy is more dependent on tourism and defense spending. Most of the Native American reservations are located in West River. TheBlack Hills, a group of low pine-covered mountains sacred to the Sioux, are located in the southwest part of the state.Mount Rushmore, a major tourist destination, is located there. South Dakota experiences a temperatecontinental climate, with four distinct seasons and precipitation ranging from moderate in the east to semi-arid in the west. The ecology of the state features species typical of a North Americangrasslandbiome.South Dakota's history and rural character still strongly influence the culture of the state