Sudanis a country innortheastern Africa. It is bordered byEgyptto the north, theRed Sea,Eritrea, andEthiopiato the east,South Sudanto the south, theCentral African Republicto the southwest,Chadto the west andLibyato the northwest. The third largest country in Africa,Sudan was home to numerous ancient civilizations, such as theKingdom of Kush, Kerma, Nobatia,Alodia,Makuria,Meroëand others, most of which flourished along theNile. During the pre-dynastic period Nubia and Nagadan Upper Egypt were identical, simultaneously evolved systems of pharaonic kingship by 3300 BC.
Its capital isKhartoum, the political, cultural and commercial centre of the nation. It is apresidentialrepresentative democraticfederal republic. Thepolitics of Sudanis regulated by a parliamentary organization called the National Assembly.TheSudanese legal systemisbased on Islamic law.